[IMP] Improve compatibility with screen readers (accessibility) (#24574)

Today, Odoo is really tricky to use without seeing the screen, it must be improved to be usable.

This PR forbid to use labels without a "for" attribute, add some title, rule and aria attributes in HTML. With that, Odoo will be fully usable with a screen reader.


* [IMP] Labels must have a for attribute. Improve accessibility.
* [IMP] Better error message when trying to read a missing cached value
* [FIX] Add some aria-label and title attributes for screen readers.
* [FIX] Template name is not included in the error message in case of SyntaxError in QWeb
* [FIX] Improve the Tour failed at step error message to be more explicit.
* [IMP] Add aria-labels
* [FIX] Add missing aria-label on failing test
* [IMP] aria-hidden means hidden. Fix all bad aria-hidden and hide aria-hidden for all.
* [IMP] Color names on kanban views and many2many tags
* [IMP] Add some checks on views for accessibility.
* [IMP] Add `alt` attribute on `img` tags.
* [IMP] Add aria-label and title on non-described icons
* [IMP] Add button role to widgets with btn class
* [IMP] Translate aria and formatted attributes.
* [IMP] Remove wrong aria-labelledby
* [IMP] Add menu role on dropdowns
* [IMP] Buttons must be focusable
* [IMP] Add aria attributes on progress bars
* [IMP] Improve accessibility of basic widgets
* [IMP] Change main layout to more semantic tags
* [IMP] Add menuitem role when missing
* [IMP] Remove wrong role='presentation'
* [IMP] Improve accessibility of tab panels
* [IMP] Add aria-invalid on invalid fields
* [IMP] Add aria-sort on ordered columns
* [IMP] Add role on alerts
* [IMP] Use dialog role, header, main and footer tags for modals
* [IMP] Add labels on o_status
* [IMP] Improve accessibility of kanban view with feeds and articles
* [IMP] Add alerts in case of new messages
* [IMP] Add widget, navigation or img role to aria-labelled items

22 files changed, 440 insertions, 122 deletions

diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_ui_view.py b/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_ui_view.py
index 02f48a00c86..d813af46efa 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_ui_view.py
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_ui_view.py
@@ -338,8 +338,11 @@ actual arch.
                     # A <data> element is a wrapper for multiple root nodes
                     view_docs = view_docs[0]
                 for view_arch in view_docs:
-                    if not valid_view(view_arch):
-                        raise ValidationError(_('Invalid view definition'))
+                    check = valid_view(view_arch)
+                    if not check:
+                        raise ValidationError(_('Invalid view %s definition in %s') % (view.name, view.arch_fs))
+                    if check == "Warning":
+                        _logger.warning(_('Invalid view %s definition in %s \n%s'), view.name, view.arch_fs, view.arch)
         return True
 
     @api.constrains('type', 'groups_id')
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/rng/common.rng b/odoo/addons/base/rng/common.rng
index 78002b08999..cd6bb78a073 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/rng/common.rng
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/rng/common.rng
@@ -335,6 +335,9 @@
             <rng:optional><rng:attribute name="help"/></rng:optional>
             <rng:optional><rng:attribute name="class"/></rng:optional>
             <rng:optional><rng:attribute name="default_focus"/></rng:optional>
+            <rng:optional><rng:attribute name="title"/></rng:optional>
+            <rng:optional><rng:attribute name="aria-label"/></rng:optional>
+            <rng:optional><rng:attribute name="aria-pressed"/></rng:optional>
             <rng:zeroOrMore>
                 <rng:choice>
                     <rng:ref name="field" />
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/tests/test_view_validation.py b/odoo/addons/base/tests/test_view_validation.py
index 524a53609e4..c3ac8020c27 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/tests/test_view_validation.py
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/tests/test_view_validation.py
@@ -9,29 +9,45 @@ from odoo.tests.common import tagged
 from odoo.tools.view_validation import (
     valid_page_in_book, valid_att_in_form, valid_type_in_colspan,
     valid_type_in_col, valid_att_in_field, valid_att_in_label,
-    valid_field_in_graph, valid_field_in_tree,
+    valid_field_in_graph, valid_field_in_tree, valid_alternative_image_text,
+    valid_alternative_icon_text, valid_title_icon, valid_simili_button,
+    valid_simili_progressbar, valid_dialog, valid_simili_dropdown,
+    valid_focusable_button, valid_prohibited_none_role, valid_simili_tabpanel,
+    valid_simili_tab, valid_simili_tablist, valid_alerts
 )
 
 invalid_form = etree.parse(io.BytesIO(b'''\
 <form>
     <label></label>
+    <ul class="dropdown-menu"><li/><li/></ul>
+    <div role="presentation"/>
     <group>
         <div>
             <page></page>
-            <label colspan="True"></label>
+            <label colspan="True" string=""></label>
             <field></field>
         </div>
     </group>
     <notebook>
         <page>
             <group col="Two">
-            <div>
-                <label></label>
-                <field colspan="Five"> </field>
+                <div>
+                    <div class="o_progressbar">100%</div>
+                    <label string=""></label>
+                    <img/>
+                    <span class="fa fa-warning"/>
+                    <field colspan="Five"> </field>
                 </div>
             </group>
+            <a class="btn"/>
+            <div class="btn"/>
+            <div class="tab-pane"/>
         </page>
     </notebook>
+    <div class="modal"/>
+    <a data-toggle="tab"/>
+    <div class="nav-tabs"/>
+    <div class="alert alert-success"/>
 </form>
 ''')).getroot()
 
@@ -39,19 +55,36 @@ valid_form = etree.parse(io.BytesIO(b'''\
 <form string="">
     <field name=""></field>
     <field name=""></field>
+    <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"></ul>
     <notebook>
         <page>
             <field name=""></field>
-            <label string=""></label>
+            <label for="" string=""></label>
             <field name=""></field>
         </page>
         <page>
             <group colspan="5" col="2">
+                <div class="o_progressbar" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="14" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100">14%</div>
                 <label for=""></label>
-                <label string="" colspan="5"></label>
+                <label for="" string="" colspan="5"></label>
+                <img alt="Test image"/>
+                <span class="fa fa-success" aria-label="Test span" title="Test span"/>
+                <a class="fa fa-success"><span aria-label="test" title="test"/></a>
+                <a class="btn" role="button"/>
             </group>
         </page>
     </notebook>
+    <div role="dialog" class="modal">
+        <header class="modal-header"/>
+        <main class="modal-body"/>
+        <footer class="modal-footer"/>
+    </div>
+    <div class="tab-pane" role="tabpanel"/>
+    <a data-toggle="tab" role="tab" aria-selected="true" aria-controls="test"/>
+    <div class="nav-tabs" role="tablist"/>
+    <div class="alert alert-success" role="alert"/>
+    <div class="alert alert-success" role="alertdialog"/>
+    <div class="alert alert-success" role="status"/>
 </form>
 ''')).getroot()
 
@@ -129,3 +162,31 @@ class TestViewValidation(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_col_datatype_validation(self):
         assert not valid_type_in_col(invalid_form)
         assert valid_type_in_col(valid_form)
+
+    def test_a11y_validation(self):
+        assert valid_alternative_image_text(invalid_form) == "Warning"
+        assert valid_alternative_image_text(valid_form) is True
+        assert valid_alternative_icon_text(invalid_form) == "Warning"
+        assert valid_alternative_icon_text(valid_form) is True
+        assert valid_title_icon(invalid_form) == "Warning"
+        assert valid_title_icon(valid_form) is True
+        assert valid_simili_button(invalid_form) == "Warning"
+        assert valid_simili_button(valid_form) is True
+        assert valid_dialog(invalid_form) == "Warning"
+        assert valid_dialog(valid_form) is True
+        assert valid_simili_dropdown(invalid_form) == "Warning"
+        assert valid_simili_dropdown(valid_form) is True
+        assert valid_simili_progressbar(invalid_form) == "Warning"
+        assert valid_simili_progressbar(valid_form) is True
+        assert valid_simili_tabpanel(invalid_form) == "Warning"
+        assert valid_simili_tabpanel(valid_form) is True
+        assert valid_simili_tablist(invalid_form) == "Warning"
+        assert valid_simili_tablist(valid_form) is True
+        assert valid_simili_tab(invalid_form) == "Warning"
+        assert valid_simili_tab(valid_form) is True
+        assert valid_focusable_button(invalid_form) == "Warning"
+        assert valid_focusable_button(valid_form) is True
+        assert valid_prohibited_none_role(invalid_form) == "Warning"
+        assert valid_prohibited_none_role(valid_form) is True
+        assert valid_alerts(invalid_form) == "Warning"
+        assert valid_alerts(valid_form) is True
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/views/ir_module_views.xml b/odoo/addons/base/views/ir_module_views.xml
index 53768df481b..9ca6a61f441 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/views/ir_module_views.xml
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/views/ir_module_views.xml
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@
                     <t t-name="kanban-box">
                       <div class="oe_module_vignette oe_kanban_global_click">
                         <t t-set="installed" t-value="record.state.raw_value == 'installed'"/>
-                        <img t-attf-src="#{record.icon.value}" class="oe_module_icon"/>
+                        <img t-attf-src="#{record.icon.value}" class="oe_module_icon" alt="Icon"/>
                         <div class="oe_module_desc" t-att-title="record.shortdesc.value">
                           <h4 class="o_kanban_record_title"><field name="shortdesc"/></h4>
                           <p class="oe_module_name">
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/views/ir_qweb_widget_templates.xml b/odoo/addons/base/views/ir_qweb_widget_templates.xml
index 1fc0e5d921a..afb3c08ec41 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/views/ir_qweb_widget_templates.xml
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/views/ir_qweb_widget_templates.xml
@@ -22,21 +22,21 @@
         </t>
         <div itemprop="address" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/PostalAddress">
             <div t-if="address and 'address' in fields">
-                <i t-if="not options.get('no_marker')" class='fa fa-map-marker fa-fw'/> <span itemprop="streetAddress" t-raw="address.replace('\n', options.get('no_tag_br') and ', ' or ('&lt;br/&gt;%s' % ('' if options.get('no_marker') else '&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; ')))"/>
+                <i t-if="not options.get('no_marker')" class='fa fa-map-marker fa-fw' role="img" aria-label="Address" title="Address"/> <span itemprop="streetAddress" t-raw="address.replace('\n', options.get('no_tag_br') and ', ' or ('&lt;br/&gt;%s' % ('' if options.get('no_marker') else '&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; ')))"/>
             </div>
             <div t-if="city and 'city' in fields">
-                <i t-if="not options.get('no_marker')" class='fa fa-map-marker fa-fw'/>
+                <i t-if="not options.get('no_marker')" class='fa fa-map-marker fa-fw' role="img" aria-label="Address" title="Address"/>
                 <span itemprop="addressLocality" t-raw="city"/>,
                 <span itemprop="addressCountry" t-raw="country_id"/>
             </div>
-            <div t-if="phone and 'phone' in fields"><i t-if="not options.get('no_marker') or options.get('phone_icons')" class='fa fa-phone fa-fw'/> <span itemprop="telephone" t-esc="phone"/></div>
-            <div t-if="mobile and 'mobile' in fields"><i t-if="not options.get('no_marker') or options.get('phone_icons')" class='fa fa-mobile fa-fw'/> <span itemprop="telephone" t-esc="mobile"/></div>
-            <div t-if="fax and 'fax' in fields"><i t-if="not options.get('no_marker') or options.get('phone_icons')" class='fa fa-fax fa-fw'/> <span itemprop="faxNumber" t-esc="fax"/></div>
+            <div t-if="phone and 'phone' in fields"><i t-if="not options.get('no_marker') or options.get('phone_icons')" class='fa fa-phone fa-fw' role="img" aria-label="Phone" title="Phone"/> <span itemprop="telephone" t-esc="phone"/></div>
+            <div t-if="mobile and 'mobile' in fields"><i t-if="not options.get('no_marker') or options.get('phone_icons')" class='fa fa-mobile fa-fw' role="img" aria-label="Mobile" title="Mobile"/> <span itemprop="telephone" t-esc="mobile"/></div>
+            <div t-if="fax and 'fax' in fields"><i t-if="not options.get('no_marker') or options.get('phone_icons')" class='fa fa-fax fa-fw' role="img" aria-label="Fax" title="Fax"/> <span itemprop="faxNumber" t-esc="fax"/></div>
             <div t-if="website and 'website' in fields">
-                <i t-if="not options.get('no_marker')" class='fa fa-globe'/>
+                <i t-if="not options.get('no_marker')" class='fa fa-globe' role="img" aria-label="Website" title="Website"/>
                 <a t-att-href="website and '%s%s' % ('http://' if '://' not in website else '',website)"><span itemprop="website" t-esc="website"/></a>
             </div>
-            <div t-if="email and 'email' in fields"><i t-if="not options.get('no_marker')" class='fa fa-envelope fa-fw'/> <span itemprop="email" t-esc="email"/></div>
+            <div t-if="email and 'email' in fields"><i t-if="not options.get('no_marker')" class='fa fa-envelope fa-fw' role="img" aria-label="Email" title="Email"/> <span itemprop="email" t-esc="email"/></div>
         </div>
         <t t-if="object.country_id and object.country_id.name_position == 'after'">
             <t t-call="base.contact_name"/>
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/views/ir_rule_views.xml b/odoo/addons/base/views/ir_rule_views.xml
index be8bd917785..54f91932975 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/views/ir_rule_views.xml
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/views/ir_rule_views.xml
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
                         <field name="global"/>
                         <field name="groups" nolabel="1" colspan="4"/>
                     </group>
-                    <i class="fa fa-info fa-3x text-info pull-left"/>
+                    <i class="fa fa-info fa-3x text-info pull-left" role="img" aria-label="Info" title="Info"/>
                     <h3>Interaction between rules</h3>
                     <div>
                       <p>
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/views/ir_sequence_views.xml b/odoo/addons/base/views/ir_sequence_views.xml
index d53570cc79a..d55e8d7d1d9 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/views/ir_sequence_views.xml
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/views/ir_sequence_views.xml
@@ -40,21 +40,21 @@
                         </field>
                         <group col="3" string="Legend (for prefix, suffix)">
                             <group>
-                                <label colspan="2" string="Current Year with Century: %%(year)s"/>
-                                <label colspan="2" string="Current Year without Century: %%(y)s"/>
-                                <label colspan="2" string="Month: %%(month)s"/>
-                                <label colspan="2" string="Day: %%(day)s"/>
+                                <span colspan="2">Current Year with Century: %%(year)s</span>
+                                <span colspan="2">Current Year without Century: %%(y)s</span>
+                                <span colspan="2">Month: %%(month)s</span>
+                                <span colspan="2">Day: %%(day)s</span>
                             </group>
                             <group>
-                                <label colspan="2" string="Day of the Year: %%(doy)s"/>
-                                <label colspan="2" string="Week of the Year: %%(woy)s"/>
-                                <label colspan="2" string="Day of the Week (0:Monday): %%(weekday)s"/>
+                                <span colspan="2">Day of the Year: %%(doy)s</span>
+                                <span colspan="2">Week of the Year: %%(woy)s</span>
+                                <span colspan="2">Day of the Week (0:Monday): %%(weekday)s</span>
                             </group>
                             <group>
-                                <label colspan="2" string="Hour 00->24: %%(h24)s"/>
-                                <label colspan="2" string="Hour 00->12: %%(h12)s"/>
-                                <label colspan="2" string="Minute: %%(min)s"/>
-                                <label colspan="2" string="Second: %%(sec)s"/>
+                                <span colspan="2">Hour 00->24: %%(h24)s</span>
+                                <span colspan="2">Hour 00->12: %%(h12)s</span>
+                                <span colspan="2">Minute: %%(min)s</span>
+                                <span colspan="2">Second: %%(sec)s</span>
                             </group>
                         </group>
                         <group attrs="{'invisible': [('use_date_range', '=', False)]}">
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/views/res_company_views.xml b/odoo/addons/base/views/res_company_views.xml
index 57b08a2eaef..90e4a0b2d97 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/views/res_company_views.xml
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/views/res_company_views.xml
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@
                         <t t-name="kanban-box">
                             <div t-attf-class="oe_kanban_global_click">
                                 <div class="text-center">
-                                    <i class="fa fa-building" aria-hidden="true"></i> <strong><field name="name"/></strong>
+                                    <i class="fa fa-building" role="img" aria-label="Enterprise" title="Enterprise"></i> <strong><field name="name"/></strong>
                                 </div>
                                 <hr class="mt4 mb4"/>
                                 <div class="row">
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@
             <field name="arch" type="xml">
                 <field name="logo" position="before">
                     <div class="row">
-                        <div class="alert alert-warning ml8 mr8" role="alert" attrs="{'invisible': [('logo','!=',False)]}">
+                        <div class="alert alert-warning ml8 mr8" role="status" attrs="{'invisible': [('logo','!=',False)]}">
                             Update your company details and upload your logo to get a beautiful document.
                         </div>
                     </div>
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/views/res_config_settings_views.xml b/odoo/addons/base/views/res_config_settings_views.xml
index 74ce361e96b..2d119ee5af6 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/views/res_config_settings_views.xml
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/views/res_config_settings_views.xml
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
                             <div class="title h2 mb0 mt4 text-muted hidden-xs">Settings</div>
                             <div class="o_setting_search">
                                 <input type="text" class="searchInput" placeholder="Search..."/>
-                                <span class="searchIcon"><i class="fa fa-search"/></span>
+                                <span class="searchIcon"><i class="fa fa-search" role="img" aria-label="Search" title="Search"/></span>
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <header>
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/views/res_partner_views.xml b/odoo/addons/base/views/res_partner_views.xml
index 5ded79d3e67..f7657ccb475 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/views/res_partner_views.xml
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/views/res_partner_views.xml
@@ -292,15 +292,15 @@
                                         <t t-name="kanban-box">
                                             <t t-set="color" t-value="kanban_color(record.color.raw_value)"/>
                                             <div t-att-class="color + (record.title.raw_value == 1 ? ' oe_kanban_color_alert' : '') + ' oe_kanban_global_click'">
-                                                <a t-if="!read_only_mode" type="delete" class="fa fa-times pull-right"/>
+                                                <a t-if="!read_only_mode" type="delete" class="fa fa-times pull-right" title="Delete" aria-label="Delete"/>
                                                 <div class="o_kanban_image">
-                                                    <img t-if="record.image_small.raw_value" t-att-src="'data:image/png;base64,'+record.image_small.raw_value"/>
+                                                    <img alt="" t-if="record.image_small.raw_value" t-att-src="'data:image/png;base64,'+record.image_small.raw_value"/>
                                                     <t t-if="!record.image_small.raw_value">
-                                                        <img t-if="record.type.raw_value === 'delivery'" t-att-src='_s + "/base/static/img/truck.png"'/>
-                                                        <img t-if="record.type.raw_value === 'invoice'" t-att-src='_s + "/base/static/img/money.png"'/>
+                                                        <img alt="Delivery" t-if="record.type.raw_value === 'delivery'" t-att-src='_s + "/base/static/img/truck.png"'/>
+                                                        <img alt="Invoice" t-if="record.type.raw_value === 'invoice'" t-att-src='_s + "/base/static/img/money.png"'/>
                                                         <t t-if="record.type.raw_value !== 'invoice' &amp;&amp; record.type.raw_value !== 'delivery'">
-                                                            <img t-if="record.is_company.raw_value === true" t-att-src='_s + "/base/static/img/company_image.png"'/>
-                                                            <img t-if="record.is_company.raw_value === false" t-att-src='_s + "/base/static/img/avatar.png"'/>
+                                                            <img alt="Logo" t-if="record.is_company.raw_value === true" t-att-src='_s + "/base/static/img/company_image.png"'/>
+                                                            <img alt="Avatar" t-if="record.is_company.raw_value === false" t-att-src='_s + "/base/static/img/avatar.png"'/>
                                                         </t>
                                                     </t>
                                                 </div>
@@ -495,21 +495,21 @@
                             <div class="oe_kanban_global_click o_res_partner_kanban">
                                 <div class="o_kanban_image">
                                     <t t-if="record.image_small.raw_value">
-                                        <img t-att-src="kanban_image('res.partner', 'image_small', record.id.raw_value)"/>
+                                        <img alt="Partner" t-att-src="kanban_image('res.partner', 'image_small', record.id.raw_value)"/>
                                     </t>
                                     <t t-if="!record.image_small.raw_value">
                                         <t t-if="record.type.raw_value === 'delivery'">
-                                            <img t-att-src='_s + "/base/static/img/truck.png"' class="o_kanban_image oe_kanban_avatar_smallbox"/>
+                                            <img alt="Delivery" t-att-src='_s + "/base/static/img/truck.png"' class="o_kanban_image oe_kanban_avatar_smallbox"/>
                                         </t>
                                         <t t-if="record.type.raw_value === 'invoice'">
-                                            <img t-att-src='_s + "/base/static/img/money.png"' class="o_kanban_image oe_kanban_avatar_smallbox"/>
+                                            <img alt="Invoice" t-att-src='_s + "/base/static/img/money.png"' class="o_kanban_image oe_kanban_avatar_smallbox"/>
                                          </t>
                                         <t t-if="record.type.raw_value != 'invoice' &amp;&amp; record.type.raw_value != 'delivery'">
                                             <t t-if="record.is_company.raw_value === true">
-                                                <img t-att-src='_s + "/base/static/img/company_image.png"'/>
+                                                <img alt="Logo" t-att-src='_s + "/base/static/img/company_image.png"'/>
                                             </t>
                                             <t t-if="record.is_company.raw_value === false">
-                                                <img t-att-src='_s + "/base/static/img/avatar.png"'/>
+                                                <img alt="Avatar" t-att-src='_s + "/base/static/img/avatar.png"'/>
                                             </t>
                                         </t>
                                     </t>
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/views/res_users_views.xml b/odoo/addons/base/views/res_users_views.xml
index ebf1f72479f..ddeb9ba91ee 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/views/res_users_views.xml
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/views/res_users_views.xml
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
                             <field name="users" context="{'search_default_no_share':1}"/>
                         </page>
                         <page string="Inherited">
-                            <label string="Users added to this group are automatically added in the following groups."/>
+                            <label for="implied_ids" string="Users added to this group are automatically added in the following groups."/>
                             <field name="implied_ids"/>
                         </page>
                         <page string="Menus">
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@
                                 <field name="active" widget="boolean_button" options='{"terminology": "active"}'/>
                             </button>
                         </div>
-                        <div class="alert alert-info text-center o_form_header" attrs="{'invisible': [('active', '=', True)]}">
+                        <div class="alert alert-info text-center o_form_header" attrs="{'invisible': [('active', '=', True)]}" role="alert">
                           <a class="close" data-dismiss="alert" href="#" aria-hidden="true">x</a>
                           <div>
                             <strong>The contact linked to this user is still active</strong>
@@ -283,17 +283,17 @@
                         <t t-name="kanban-box">
                             <div t-attf-class="oe_kanban_global_click">
                                 <div class="o_kanban_image">
-                                    <img t-att-src="kanban_image('res.users', 'image_medium', record.id.raw_value)"/>
+                                    <img alt="Avatar" t-att-src="kanban_image('res.users', 'image_medium', record.id.raw_value)"/>
                                 </div>
                                 <div class="oe_kanban_details">
                                     <ul>
-                                        <li class="text-success pull-right mb4" t-if="record.active.raw_value"><i class="fa fa-circle" aria-hidden="true"></i></li>
-                                        <li class="text-danger pull-right mb4" t-if="!record.active.raw_value"><i class="fa fa-circle"></i></li>
+                                        <li class="text-success pull-right mb4" t-if="record.active.raw_value"><i class="fa fa-circle" role="img" aria-label="Ok" title="Ok"></i></li>
+                                        <li class="text-danger pull-right mb4" t-if="!record.active.raw_value"><i class="fa fa-circle" role="img" aria-label="Invalid" title="Invalid"></i></li>
                                         <li class="mb4">
                                             <strong><field name="name"/></strong>
                                         </li>
                                         <li class="badge pull-right mb4" t-if="record.lang.raw_value"><field name="lang"/></li>
-                                        <li class="mb4" t-if="record.login.raw_value"><i class="fa fa-envelope"/> <field name="login"/></li>
+                                        <li class="mb4" t-if="record.login.raw_value" title="Login"><i class="fa fa-envelope" role="img" aria-label="Login"/> <field name="login"/></li>
                                     </ul>
                                 </div>
                             </div>
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_language_install_views.xml b/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_language_install_views.xml
index 5a82cb5d7ec..936197d810e 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_language_install_views.xml
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_language_install_views.xml
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
                         <field name="overwrite"/>
                     </group>
                     <group states="done" colspan="4">
-                        <label string="The selected language has been successfully installed.
-You must change the preferences of the user to view the changes."/>
+                        <span class="o_form_label">The selected language has been successfully installed.
+You must change the preferences of the user to view the changes.</span>
                     </group>
                     <footer states="init">
                         <button name="lang_install" string="Load" type="object" class="btn-primary"/>
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_module_uninstall_views.xml b/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_module_uninstall_views.xml
index aa945029b00..4f10bebc276 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_module_uninstall_views.xml
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_module_uninstall_views.xml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
                             <templates>
                                 <t t-name="kanban-box">
                                     <div class="oe_module_vignette">
-                                        <img t-attf-src="#{record.icon.value}"
+                                        <img t-attf-src="#{record.icon.value}" alt="Icon"
                                              class="oe_module_icon" style="width: 60px; height: 60px"/>
                                         <div class="oe_module_desc" style="padding-left: 70px">
                                             <h4><field name="shortdesc"/></h4>
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_module_update_views.xml b/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_module_update_views.xml
index c50d1a261ae..e465479e6ff 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_module_update_views.xml
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_module_update_views.xml
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
                     <field name="state" invisible="1"/>
                     <separator string="Module Update Result"/>
                     <group states="init">
-                        <label string="Click on Update below to start the process..." />
+                        <span class="o_form_label">Click on Update below to start the process...</span>
                     </group>
                     <group states="done" >
                         <field name="updated"/>
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_module_upgrade_views.xml b/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_module_upgrade_views.xml
index 63c85fbe7aa..53bf47d409f 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_module_upgrade_views.xml
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_module_upgrade_views.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@
             <field name="priority" eval="20"/>
             <field name="arch" type="xml">
                 <form string="Apply Schedule Upgrade">
-                    <div><label string="The selected modules have been updated / installed !"/></div>
-                    <div><label string="We suggest to reload the menu tab to see the new menus (Ctrl+T then Ctrl+R)."/></div>
+                    <div><span class="o_form_label">The selected modules have been updated / installed !</span></div>
+                    <div><span class="o_form_label">We suggest to reload the menu tab to see the new menus (Ctrl+T then Ctrl+R)."</span></div>
                     <footer>
                         <button name="config" string="Start configuration" type="object" class="btn-primary"/>
                         <button string="Cancel" class="btn-default" special="cancel"/>
diff --git a/odoo/addons/test_exceptions/view.xml b/odoo/addons/test_exceptions/view.xml
index dd0aa97b7f1..7979425befd 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/test_exceptions/view.xml
+++ b/odoo/addons/test_exceptions/view.xml
@@ -7,97 +7,97 @@
             <field name="model">test.exceptions.model</field>
             <field name="arch" type="xml">
                 <form string="Test exceptions">
-                    <label string="Each button generates a specific exception on the server. The text on the right is the expected representation of the exception when displayed on the client. Button marked with a '*' use safe_eval()."/>
+                    <p>Each button generates a specific exception on the server. The text on the right is the expected representation of the exception when displayed on the client. Button marked with a '*' use safe_eval().</p>
                     <separator/>
                     <group>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_except_osv" string="except_osv" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary" />
-                            <label string="Warning-description"/>
+                            <label for="generate_except_osv" string="Warning-description"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_except_orm" string="except_orm" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Warning-description"/>
+                            <label for="generate_except_orm" string="Warning-description"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_warning" string="Warning" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Warning-description"/>
+                            <label for="generate_warning" string="Warning-description"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_redirect_warning" string="RedirectWarning" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Warning-description-redirection button"/>
+                            <label for="generate_redirect_warning" string="Warning-description-redirection button"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_access_denied" string="AccessDenied" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Access denied-traceback"/>
+                            <label for="generate_access_denied" string="Access denied-traceback"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_access_error" string="AccessError" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Access rights error-description" class="oe_inline"/>
+                            <label for="generate_access_error" string="Access rights error-description" class="oe_inline"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_exc_access_denied" string="Exc AccessDenied" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Access denied-traceback"/>
+                            <label for="generate_exc_access_denied" string="Access denied-traceback"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_undefined" string="Undefined" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Server error-traceback"/>
+                            <label for="generate_undefined" string="Server error-traceback"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_user_error" string="UserError" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Warning-description"/>
+                            <label for="generate_user_error" string="Warning-description"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_missing_error" string="MissingError" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Missing Error-description"/>
+                            <label for="generate_missing_error" string="Missing Error-description"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_validation_error" string="ValidationError" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Validation Error-description"/>
+                            <label for="generate_validation_error" string="Validation Error-description"/>
                         </div>
 
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_except_osv_safe_eval" string="except_osv*" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Warning-description"/>
+                            <label for="generate_except_osv_safe_eval" string="Warning-description"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_except_orm_safe_eval" string="except_orm*" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Warning-description"/>
+                            <label for="generate_except_orm_safe_eval" string="Warning-description"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_warning_safe_eval" string="Warning*" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Warning-description"/>
+                            <label for="generate_warning_safe_eval" string="Warning-description"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_redirect_warning_safe_eval" string="RedirectWarning*" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Warning-description-redirection button" class="oe_inline"/>
+                            <label for="generate_redirect_warning_safe_eval" string="Warning-description-redirection button" class="oe_inline"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_access_denied_safe_eval" string="AccessDenied*" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Access denied-traceback"/>
+                            <label for="generate_access_denied_safe_eval" string="Access denied-traceback"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_access_error_safe_eval" string="AccessError*" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Access rights error-description"/>
+                            <label for="generate_access_error_safe_eval" string="Access rights error-description"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_exc_access_denied_safe_eval" string="Exc AccessDenied*" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Access denied-traceback"/>
+                            <label for="generate_exc_access_denied_safe_eval" string="Access denied-traceback"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_undefined_safe_eval" string="Undefined*" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Server error-traceback"/>
+                            <label for="generate_undefined_safe_eval" string="Server error-traceback"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_user_error_safe_eval" string="UserError*" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Warning-description"/>
+                            <label for="generate_user_error_safe_eval" string="Warning-description"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_missing_error_safe_eval" string="MissingError*" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Missing Error-description"/>
+                            <label for="generate_missing_error_safe_eval" string="Missing Error-description"/>
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <button name="generate_validation_error_safe_eval" string="ValidationError*" type="object" icon="fa-refresh text-primary"/>
-                            <label string="Validation Error-description"/>
+                            <label for="generate_validation_error_safe_eval" string="Validation Error-description"/>
                         </div>
                     </group>
                 </form>
diff --git a/odoo/addons/test_main_flows/static/src/js/tour.js b/odoo/addons/test_main_flows/static/src/js/tour.js
index 925e86c9bef..c74d473fcbc 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/test_main_flows/static/src/js/tour.js
+++ b/odoo/addons/test_main_flows/static/src/js/tour.js
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ tour.register('main_flow_tour', {
     position: 'right',
 }, {
     trigger:  ".o_field_widget[name=name] input",
-    extra_trigger: ".modal-dialog",
+    extra_trigger: "[role=\"dialog\"]",
     content: _t('Select a seller'),
     position: 'top',
     run: "text the_flow.vendor",
@@ -135,12 +135,12 @@ tour.register('main_flow_tour', {
     position: 'right',
     run: "text 1",
 }, {
-    trigger:  ".modal-footer .btn-primary:first",
+    trigger:  "footer.modal-footer .btn-primary:first",
     extra_trigger: ".o_field_widget[name=name] > .o_external_button", // Wait name_create
     content: _t('Save & Close'),
     position: 'bottom',
 }, {
-    trigger: ".modal-footer .btn-primary",
+    trigger: "footer.modal-footer .btn-primary",
     content: _t('Save'),
     position: 'bottom',
 },
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ tour.register('main_flow_tour', {
     position: 'right',
 }, {
     trigger:  ".o_field_widget[name=name] input",
-    extra_trigger: ".modal-dialog",
+    extra_trigger: "[role=\"dialog\"]",
     content: _t('Select a seller'),
     position: 'top',
     run: "text the_flow.vendor",
@@ -190,11 +190,11 @@ tour.register('main_flow_tour', {
     position: 'right',
     run: "text 1",
 }, {
-    trigger:  ".modal-footer .btn-primary:first",
+    trigger:  "footer.modal-footer .btn-primary:first",
     content: _t('Save & Close'),
     position: 'bottom',
 }, {
-    trigger: ".modal-footer .btn-primary",
+    trigger: "footer.modal-footer .btn-primary",
     // Wait Save & Close and check value
     extra_trigger: ".o_field_widget[name=seller_ids] .o_data_row td:nth-child(2):contains('the_flow.vendor')",
     content: _t('Save'),
@@ -326,8 +326,8 @@ tour.register('main_flow_tour', {
     run: function (actions) {
         actions.auto();
         // if the one2many isn't editable, we have to close the dialog
-        if ($(".modal-footer .btn-primary").length) {
-            actions.auto(".modal-footer .btn-primary");
+        if ($("footer.modal-footer .btn-primary").length) {
+            actions.auto("footer.modal-footer .btn-primary");
         }
     },
 }, {
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ tour.register('main_flow_tour', {
     trigger: ".o_field_widget[name=product_id] input",
     // the one2many may be editable or not according to the modules installed, so
     // we have to handle both cases
-    extra_trigger: '.o_field_widget[name=order_line] .o_data_row:nth(1).o_selected_row, .modal-dialog',
+    extra_trigger: '.o_field_widget[name=order_line] .o_data_row:nth(1).o_selected_row, [role="dialog"]',
     content: _t("Select a product"),
     position: "right",
     run: "text the_flow.service",
@@ -349,8 +349,8 @@ tour.register('main_flow_tour', {
     run: function (actions) {
         actions.auto();
         // if the one2many isn't editable, we have to close the dialog
-        if ($(".modal-footer .btn-primary").length) {
-            actions.auto(".modal-footer .btn-primary");
+        if ($("footer.modal-footer .btn-primary").length) {
+            actions.auto("footer.modal-footer .btn-primary");
         }
     },
 }, {
@@ -368,11 +368,11 @@ tour.register('main_flow_tour', {
     position: "right",
     run: "text test@the_flow.com",
 },{
-    trigger: ".modal-footer .btn-primary",
+    trigger: "footer.modal-footer .btn-primary",
     content: _t("Save your changes"),
     position: "bottom",
 },  {
-    trigger: ".modal-footer .btn-primary span:contains('Send')",
+    trigger: "footer.modal-footer .btn-primary span:contains('Send')",
     content: _t("Try to send it to email"),
     position: "bottom",
 }, {
@@ -440,8 +440,8 @@ tour.register('main_flow_tour', {
     content: _t("Click on schedulers"),
     position: "bottom"
 }, {
-    trigger: ".modal-footer .btn-primary",
-    extra_trigger: ".modal-dialog",
+    trigger: "footer.modal-footer .btn-primary",
+    extra_trigger: "[role=\"dialog\"]",
     content: _t("Run Schedulers"),
     position: "bottom",
 }, {
@@ -471,8 +471,8 @@ tour.register('main_flow_tour', {
     content: _t("Validate"),
     position: "bottom",
 }, {
-    trigger: ".modal-footer .btn-primary",
-    extra_trigger: ".modal-dialog",
+    trigger: "footer.modal-footer .btn-primary",
+    extra_trigger: "[role=\"dialog\"]",
     content: _t("Apply"),
     position: "bottom",
 }, {
@@ -497,12 +497,12 @@ tour.register('main_flow_tour', {
     position: "bottom",
 }, {
     trigger: "select.o_field_widget[name=journal_id]",
-    extra_trigger: ".modal-dialog",
+    extra_trigger: "[role=\"dialog\"]",
     content: _t("Select Journal"),
     position: "bottom",
     run: 'text(Bank (USD))',
 }, {
-    trigger: ".modal-footer .btn-primary",
+    trigger: "footer.modal-footer .btn-primary",
     extra_trigger: ".o_field_widget[name=payment_method_id]", // FIXME: Wait onchange
     content: _t("Validate"),
     position: "bottom",
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ tour.register('main_flow_tour', {
     content: _t("Produce"),
     position: "bottom",
 }, {
-    trigger:  ".modal-footer .btn-primary:first",
+    trigger:  "footer.modal-footer .btn-primary:first",
     content: _t('Record Production'),
     position: 'bottom',
 }, {
@@ -607,7 +607,7 @@ tour.register('main_flow_tour', {
     content: _t("Validate"),
     position: "bottom",
 }, {
-    trigger: ".modal-footer .btn-primary",
+    trigger: "footer.modal-footer .btn-primary",
     content: _t("Create and View Invoices"),
     position: "bottom",
 }, {
@@ -620,12 +620,12 @@ tour.register('main_flow_tour', {
     position: "bottom",
 }, {
     trigger: "select.o_field_widget[name=journal_id]",
-    extra_trigger: ".modal-dialog",
+    extra_trigger: "[role=\"dialog\"]",
     content: _t("Select Journal"),
     position: "bottom",
     run: 'text(Bank (USD))',
 }, {
-    trigger: ".modal-footer .btn-primary",
+    trigger: "footer.modal-footer .btn-primary",
     content: _t("Validate"),
     position: "bottom",
 }, {
diff --git a/odoo/addons/test_new_api/static/tests/x2many.js b/odoo/addons/test_new_api/static/tests/x2many.js
index d256d026325..4a088576050 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/test_new_api/static/tests/x2many.js
+++ b/odoo/addons/test_new_api/static/tests/x2many.js
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ odoo.define('web.test.x2many', function (require) {
     }, {
         content: "insert a name into the modal form",
         trigger: 'input.o_field_widget.o_required_modifier:first',
-        extra_trigger: '.modal:visible',
+        extra_trigger: '[role="dialog"]:visible',
         run: function (action_helper) {
             action_helper.text('user_test_' + (inc = new Date().getTime()));
         }
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ odoo.define('web.test.x2many', function (require) {
         }
     }, {
         content: "save the modal content and create the new moderator",
-        trigger: '.modal-footer button:contains(Save):first',
+        trigger: 'footer.modal-footer button:contains(Save):first',
         extra_trigger: 'input.o_field_widget.o_required_modifier:propValueContains(@test)',
     }, {
         content: "check if the modal is saved",
@@ -82,12 +82,12 @@ odoo.define('web.test.x2many', function (require) {
         trigger: '.tab-pane:eq(0) .o_field_x2many_list_row_add a'
     }, {
         content: "insert body a",
-        trigger: '.modal-body textarea:first',
+        trigger: 'main.modal-body textarea:first',
         run: 'text a',
     }, {
         content: "save new message a",
-        trigger: '.modal-footer button:contains(Save):first',
-        extra_trigger: '.modal-body textarea:first:propValue(a)',
+        trigger: 'footer.modal-footer button:contains(Save):first',
+        extra_trigger: 'main.modal-body textarea:first:propValue(a)',
     }, { // add message b
         content: "create new message b",
         trigger: '.tab-pane:eq(0) .o_field_x2many_list_row_add a',
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ odoo.define('web.test.x2many', function (require) {
         run: 'text b',
     }, {
         content: "save new message b",
-        trigger: '.modal-footer button:contains(Save):first',
+        trigger: 'footer.modal-footer button:contains(Save):first',
         extra_trigger: 'textarea[name="body"]:first:propValue(b)',
     }, { // change content to trigger on change
         content: "insert content",
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ odoo.define('web.test.x2many', function (require) {
         run: 'text bbb',
     }, {
         content: "save changes",
-        trigger: '.modal-footer button:contains(Save):first',
+        trigger: 'footer.modal-footer button:contains(Save):first',
         extra_trigger: 'textarea[name="body"]:first:propValue(bbb)',
     }, { // add message c
         content: "create new message c",
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ odoo.define('web.test.x2many', function (require) {
         run: 'text c',
     }, {
         content: "save new message c",
-        trigger: '.modal-footer button:contains(Save):first',
+        trigger: 'footer.modal-footer button:contains(Save):first',
         extra_trigger: 'textarea[name="body"]:first:propValue(c)',
     }, { // add participants
         content: "change tab to Participants",
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ odoo.define('web.test.x2many', function (require) {
         run: 'text d',
     }, {
         content: "save new message d",
-        trigger: '.modal-footer button:contains(Save):first',
+        trigger: 'footer.modal-footer button:contains(Save):first',
         extra_trigger: 'textarea[name="body"]:first:propValue(d)',
     }, { // add message e
         content: "create new message e",
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ odoo.define('web.test.x2many', function (require) {
         run: 'text e',
     }, {
         content: "save new message e",
-        trigger: '.modal-footer button:contains(Save):first',
+        trigger: 'footer.modal-footer button:contains(Save):first',
         extra_trigger: 'textarea[name="body"]:first:propValue(e)',
     }, { // change message a
         content: "edit message a",
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ odoo.define('web.test.x2many', function (require) {
         run: 'text aaa',
     }, {
         content: "save changes",
-        trigger: '.modal-footer button:contains(Save):first',
+        trigger: 'footer.modal-footer button:contains(Save):first',
         extra_trigger: 'textarea[name="body"]:first:propValue(aaa)',
     }, { // change message e
         content: "edit message e",
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ odoo.define('web.test.x2many', function (require) {
         run: function () {}, // don't change texarea content
     }, {
         content: "save changes",
-        trigger: '.modal-footer button:contains(Save):contains(Close)'
+        trigger: 'footer.modal-footer button:contains(Save):contains(Close)'
     }, {
         content: "test one2many triggered the onchange on save for the line",
         trigger: '.o_content:has(.tab-pane:eq(0) .o_field_widget tbody tr td.o_readonly_modifier:contains([test_trigger] Demo User))',
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ odoo.define('web.test.x2many', function (require) {
     }, {
         content: "select another user",
         trigger: '.o_field_many2one .o_input_dropdown > input',
-        extra_trigger: 'body:has(.modal) .tab-pane:eq(0) .o_field_widget tbody tr:has(td:containsExact(d))',
+        extra_trigger: 'body:has([role="dialog"]) .tab-pane:eq(0) .o_field_widget tbody tr:has(td:containsExact(d))',
         run: 'text Demo',
     }, {
         content: "select demo user",
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ odoo.define('web.test.x2many', function (require) {
         run: 'text ddd',
     }, {
         content: "save new message ddd",
-        trigger: '.modal-footer button:contains(Save):first',
+        trigger: 'footer.modal-footer button:contains(Save):first',
         extra_trigger: 'textarea[name="body"]:first:propValue(ddd)',
     }, { // trigger onchange
         content: "blur the one2many",
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ odoo.define('web.test.x2many', function (require) {
         run: 'click',
     }, {
         content: "confirm cancel change",
-        trigger: '.modal-footer button:contains(Ok)',
+        trigger: 'footer.modal-footer button:contains(Ok)',
     },
 
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -516,6 +516,6 @@ odoo.define('web.test.x2many', function (require) {
         run: 'click',
     }, {
         content: "confirm cancel change",
-        trigger: '.modal-footer button:contains(Ok)',
+        trigger: 'footer.modal-footer button:contains(Ok)',
     }]);
 });
diff --git a/odoo/api.py b/odoo/api.py
index d1b1872e7f5..2d2bae74e1a 100644
--- a/odoo/api.py
+++ b/odoo/api.py
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ from decorator import decorator
 from werkzeug.local import Local, release_local
 
 from odoo.tools import frozendict, classproperty, StackMap
+from odoo.exceptions import CacheMiss
 
 _logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -958,7 +959,11 @@ class Cache(object):
     def get(self, record, field):
         """ Return the value of ``field`` for ``record``. """
         key = field.cache_key(record)
-        value = self._data[field][record.id][key]
+        try:
+            value = self._data[field][record.id][key]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise CacheMiss(record, field)
+
         return value.get() if isinstance(value, SpecialValue) else value
 
     def set(self, record, field, value):
diff --git a/odoo/exceptions.py b/odoo/exceptions.py
index c318f9ecdac..e1689ffd27f 100644
--- a/odoo/exceptions.py
+++ b/odoo/exceptions.py
@@ -63,6 +63,13 @@ class AccessError(except_orm):
         super(AccessError, self).__init__(msg)
 
 
+class CacheMiss(except_orm, KeyError):
+    """ Missing value(s) in cache.
+    Example: When you try to read a value in a flushed cache."""
+    def __init__(self, record, field):
+        super(CacheMiss, self).__init__("%s.%s" % (str(record), field.name))
+
+
 class MissingError(except_orm):
     """ Missing record(s).
     Example: When you try to write on a deleted record."""
diff --git a/odoo/tools/translate.py b/odoo/tools/translate.py
index f69d37214bd..6b785c0d47a 100644
--- a/odoo/tools/translate.py
+++ b/odoo/tools/translate.py
@@ -143,9 +143,12 @@ TRANSLATED_ELEMENTS = {
 
 # which attributes must be translated
 TRANSLATED_ATTRS = {
-    'string', 'help', 'sum', 'avg', 'confirm', 'placeholder', 'alt', 'title',
+    'string', 'help', 'sum', 'avg', 'confirm', 'placeholder', 'alt', 'title', 'aria-label',
+    'aria-keyshortcuts', 'aria-placeholder', 'aria-roledescription', 'aria-valuetext',
 }
 
+TRANSLATED_ATTRS = TRANSLATED_ATTRS | {'t-attf-' + attr for attr in TRANSLATED_ATTRS}
+
 avoid_pattern = re.compile(r"\s*<!DOCTYPE", re.IGNORECASE | re.MULTILINE | re.UNICODE)
 node_pattern = re.compile(r"<[^>]*>(.*)</[^<]*>", re.DOTALL | re.MULTILINE | re.UNICODE)
 
diff --git a/odoo/tools/view_validation.py b/odoo/tools/view_validation.py
index 1ffdd43e58b..7c69906220d 100644
--- a/odoo/tools/view_validation.py
+++ b/odoo/tools/view_validation.py
@@ -15,9 +15,13 @@ _relaxng_cache = {}
 
 def valid_view(arch):
     for pred in _validators[arch.tag]:
-        if not pred(arch):
+        check = pred(arch)
+        if not check:
             _logger.error("Invalid XML: %s", pred.__doc__)
             return False
+        if check == "Warning":
+            _logger.warning("Invalid XML: %s", pred.__doc__)
+            return "Warning"
     return True
 
 
@@ -88,8 +92,8 @@ def valid_att_in_field(arch):
 
 @validate('form')
 def valid_att_in_label(arch):
-    """ ``label`` nodes must have a ``@for`` or a ``@string`` """
-    return not arch.xpath('//label[not(@for or @string)]')
+    """ ``label`` nodes must have a ``@for`` """
+    return not arch.xpath('//label[not(@for) and not(descendant::input)]')
 
 
 @validate('form')
@@ -113,3 +117,235 @@ def valid_type_in_col(arch):
         attrib.isdigit()
         for attrib in arch.xpath('//@col')
     )
+
+@validate('calendar', 'diagram', 'form', 'graph', 'kanban', 'pivot', 'search', 'tree')
+def valid_alternative_image_text(arch):
+    """An `img` tag must have an alt value."""
+    if arch.xpath('//img[not(@alt or @t-att-alt or @t-attf-alt)]'):
+        return "Warning"
+    return True
+
+@validate('calendar', 'diagram', 'form', 'graph', 'kanban', 'pivot', 'search', 'tree')
+def valid_alternative_icon_text(arch):
+    """An icon with fa- class or in a button must have aria-label in its tag, parents, descendants or have text."""
+    valid_aria_attrs = {
+        'aria-label', 'aria-labelledby', 't-att-aria-label', 't-attf-aria-label',
+        't-att-aria-labelledby', 't-attf-aria-labelledby'}
+    valid_t_attrs = {'t-value', 't-raw', 't-field', 't-esc'}
+    valid_attrs = valid_aria_attrs | valid_t_attrs
+    valid_aria_attrs_xpath = ' or '.join('@' + attr for attr in valid_aria_attrs)
+    valid_attrs_xpath = ' or '.join('@' + attr for attr in valid_attrs)
+
+    # Select elements with class begining by 'fa-'
+    xpath = '(//*[contains(concat(" ", @class), " fa-")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-att-class), " fa-")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-attf-class), " fa-")]'
+    xpath += ' | //button[@icon])'
+    # Elements with accessibility or string attrs are good
+    xpath += '[not(' + valid_attrs_xpath + ')]'
+    # And we ignore all elements with describing in children
+    xpath += '[not(//*[' + valid_attrs_xpath + '])]'
+    # Aria label can be on ancestors
+    xpath += '[not(ancestor[' + valid_aria_attrs_xpath + '])]'
+    # Labels provide text by definition
+    xpath += '[not(descendant-or-self::label)]'
+    # Buttons can have a string attribute
+    xpath += '[not(descendant-or-self::button[@string])]'
+    # Fields have labels
+    xpath += '[not(descendant-or-self::field)]'
+    # And finally, if there is some text, it's good too
+    xpath += '[not(descendant-or-self::*[text()])]'
+
+    if arch.xpath(xpath):
+        return "Warning"
+    return True
+
+@validate('calendar', 'diagram', 'form', 'graph', 'kanban', 'pivot', 'search', 'tree')
+def valid_title_icon(arch):
+    """An icon with fa- class or in a button must have title in its tag, parents, descendants or have text."""
+    valid_title_attrs = {'title', 't-att-title', 't-attf-title'}
+    valid_t_attrs = {'t-value', 't-raw', 't-field', 't-esc'}
+    valid_attrs = valid_title_attrs | valid_t_attrs
+    valid_title_attrs_xpath = ' or '.join('@' + attr for attr in valid_title_attrs)
+    valid_attrs_xpath = ' or '.join('@' + attr for attr in valid_attrs)
+
+    # Select elements with class begining by 'fa-'
+    xpath = '(//*[contains(concat(" ", @class), " fa-")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-att-class), " fa-")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-attf-class), " fa-")]'
+    xpath += ' | //button[@icon])'
+    # Elements with accessibility or string attrs are good
+    xpath += '[not(' + valid_attrs_xpath + ')]'
+    # And we ignore all elements with describing in children
+    xpath += '[not(//*[' + valid_attrs_xpath + '])]'
+    # Aria label can be on ancestors
+    xpath += '[not(ancestor[' + valid_title_attrs_xpath + '])]'
+    # Labels provide text by definition
+    xpath += '[not(descendant-or-self::label)]'
+    # Buttons can have a string attribute
+    xpath += '[not(descendant-or-self::button[@string])]'
+    # Fields have labels
+    xpath += '[not(descendant-or-self::field)]'
+    # And finally, if there is some text, it's good too
+    xpath += '[not(descendant-or-self::*[text()])]'
+
+    if arch.xpath(xpath):
+        return "Warning"
+    return True
+
+@validate('calendar', 'diagram', 'form', 'graph', 'kanban', 'pivot', 'search', 'tree')
+def valid_simili_button(arch):
+    """A simili button must be tagged with "role='button'"."""
+    # Select elements with class 'btn'
+    xpath = '//a[contains(concat(" ", @class), " btn")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-att-class), " btn")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-attf-class), " btn")]'
+    xpath += '[not(@role="button")]'
+    if arch.xpath(xpath):
+        return "Warning"
+    return True
+
+@validate('calendar', 'diagram', 'form', 'graph', 'kanban', 'pivot', 'search', 'tree')
+def valid_simili_dropdown(arch):
+    """A simili dropdown must be tagged with "role='menu'"."""
+    xpath = '//*[contains(concat(" ", @class, " "), " dropdown-menu ")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-att-class, " "), " dropdown-menu ")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-attf-class, " "), " dropdown-menu ")]'
+    xpath += '[not(@role="menu")]'
+    if arch.xpath(xpath):
+        return "Warning"
+    return True
+
+@validate('calendar', 'diagram', 'form', 'graph', 'kanban', 'pivot', 'search', 'tree')
+def valid_simili_progressbar(arch):
+    """A simili progressbar must be tagged with "role='progressbar'" and have
+    aria-valuenow, aria-valuemin and aria-valuemax attributes."""
+    # Select elements with class 'btn'
+    xpath = '//*[contains(concat(" ", @class, " "), " o_progressbar ")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-att-class, " "), " o_progressbar ")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-attf-class, " "), " o_progressbar ")]'
+    xpath += '[not(self::progress)]'
+    xpath += '[not(@role="progressbar")]'
+    xpath += '[not(@aria-valuenow or @t-att-aria-valuenow or @t-attf-aria-valuenow)]'
+    xpath += '[not(@aria-valuemin or @t-att-aria-valuemin or @t-attf-aria-valuemin)]'
+    xpath += '[not(@aria-valuemax or @t-att-aria-valuemax or @t-attf-aria-valuemax)]'
+    if arch.xpath(xpath):
+        return "Warning"
+    return True
+
+@validate('calendar', 'diagram', 'form', 'graph', 'kanban', 'pivot', 'search', 'tree')
+def valid_dialog(arch):
+    """A dialog must use role="dialog" and its header, body and footer contents must use <header/>, <main/> and <footer/>."""
+    # Select elements with class 'btn'
+    xpath = '//*[contains(concat(" ", @class, " "), " modal ")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-att-class, " "), " modal ")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-attf-class, " "), " modal ")]'
+    xpath += '[not(@role="dialog")]'
+    if arch.xpath(xpath):
+        return "Warning"
+
+    xpath = '//*[contains(concat(" ", @class, " "), " modal-header ")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-att-class, " "), " modal-header ")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-attf-class, " "), " modal-header ")]'
+    xpath += '[not(self::header)]'
+    if arch.xpath(xpath):
+        return "Warning"
+
+    xpath = '//*[contains(concat(" ", @class, " "), " modal-body ")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-att-class, " "), " modal-body ")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-attf-class, " "), " modal-body ")]'
+    xpath += '[not(self::main)]'
+    if arch.xpath(xpath):
+        return "Warning"
+
+    xpath = '//*[contains(concat(" ", @class, " "), " modal-footer ")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-att-class, " "), " modal-footer ")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-attf-class, " "), " modal-footer ")]'
+    xpath += '[not(self::footer)]'
+    if arch.xpath(xpath):
+        return "Warning"
+    return True
+
+@validate('calendar', 'diagram', 'form', 'graph', 'kanban', 'pivot', 'search', 'tree')
+def valid_simili_tabpanel(arch):
+    """A tab panel with tab-pane class must have role="tabpanel"."""
+    # Select elements with class 'btn'
+    xpath = '//*[contains(concat(" ", @class, " "), " tab-pane ")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-att-class, " "), " tab-pane ")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-attf-class, " "), " tab-pane ")]'
+    xpath += '[not(@role="tabpanel")]'
+    if arch.xpath(xpath):
+        return "Warning"
+    return True
+
+@validate('calendar', 'diagram', 'form', 'graph', 'kanban', 'pivot', 'search', 'tree')
+def valid_simili_tab(arch):
+    """A tab link must have role="tab", a link to an id (without #) by aria-controls."""
+    # Select elements with class 'btn'
+    xpath = '//*[@data-toggle="tab"]'
+    xpath += '[not(@role="tab")'
+    xpath += 'or not(@aria-controls or @t-att-aria-controls or @t-attf-aria-controls)'
+    xpath += 'or contains(@aria-controls, "#") or contains(@t-att-aria-controls, "#")]'
+    if arch.xpath(xpath):
+        return "Warning"
+    return True
+
+@validate('calendar', 'diagram', 'form', 'graph', 'kanban', 'pivot', 'search', 'tree')
+def valid_simili_tablist(arch):
+    """A tab list with class nav-tabs must have role="tablist"."""
+    # Select elements with class 'btn'
+    xpath = '//*[contains(concat(" ", @class, " "), " nav-tabs ")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-att-class, " "), " nav-tabs ")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-attf-class, " "), " nav-tabs ")]'
+    xpath += '[not(@role="tablist")]'
+    if arch.xpath(xpath):
+        return "Warning"
+    return True
+
+@validate('calendar', 'diagram', 'form', 'graph', 'kanban', 'pivot', 'search', 'tree')
+def valid_focusable_button(arch):
+    """A simili button must be with a `button`, an `input` (with type `button`, `submit` or `reset`) or a `a` tag."""
+    xpath = '//*[contains(concat(" ", @class), " btn")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-att-class), " btn")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-attf-class), " btn")]'
+    xpath += '[not(self::a)]'
+    xpath += '[not(self::button)]'
+    xpath += '[not(self::select)]'
+    xpath += '[not(self::input[@type="button"])]'
+    xpath += '[not(self::input[@type="submit"])]'
+    xpath += '[not(self::input[@type="reset"])]'
+    xpath += '[not(contains(@class, "btn-group"))]'
+    xpath += '[not(contains(@t-att-class, "btn-group"))]'
+    xpath += '[not(contains(@t-attf-class, "btn-group"))]'
+    xpath += '[not(contains(@class, "btn-toolbar"))]'
+    xpath += '[not(contains(@t-att-class, "btn-toolbar"))]'
+    xpath += '[not(contains(@t-attf-class, "btn-toolbar"))]'
+    xpath += '[not(contains(@class, "btn-ship"))]'
+    xpath += '[not(contains(@t-att-class, "btn-ship"))]'
+    xpath += '[not(contains(@t-attf-class, "btn-ship"))]'
+    if arch.xpath(xpath):
+        return "Warning"
+    return True
+
+@validate('calendar', 'diagram', 'form', 'graph', 'kanban', 'pivot', 'search', 'tree')
+def valid_prohibited_none_role(arch):
+    """A role can't be `none` or `presentation`. All your elements must be accessible with screen readers, describe it."""
+    xpath = '//*[@role="none" or @role="presentation"]'
+    if arch.xpath(xpath):
+        return "Warning"
+    return True
+
+@validate('calendar', 'diagram', 'form', 'graph', 'kanban', 'pivot', 'search', 'tree')
+def valid_alerts(arch):
+    """An alert (class alert-*) must have an alert, alertdialog or status role. Please use alert and alertdialog only for what expects to stop any activity to be read immediatly."""
+    xpath = '//*[contains(concat(" ", @class), " alert-")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-att-class), " alert-")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(concat(" ", @t-attf-class), " alert-")]'
+    xpath += '[not(contains(@class, "alert-link") or contains(@t-att-class, "alert-link")'
+    xpath += ' or contains(@t-attf-class, "alert-link"))]'
+    xpath += '[not(@role="alert")]'
+    xpath += '[not(@role="alertdialog")]'
+    xpath += '[not(@role="status")]'
+    if arch.xpath(xpath):
+        return "Warning"
+    return True